CSR of Costa Coffee Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

CSR of Costa Coffee - Essay Example Costa coffee is an international coffeehouse corporation, which is based in Dunstable, UK. It is an entirely owned contributory of Whitebread and is the biggest coffeehouse chain in the UK and second-biggest in the world (Harford, 2012, P. 54). The company operates in 1175 channels, and as of January 2011, it was the biggest British channel in terms of stores. Globally, costa coffee operates in 442 outlets all over the world, in 28 nations. The company has introduced a brand known as costa express, which is formed by a coffee channel of self-service bars. After Whitbread acquired Coffee Nation, which is a procession of coffee machines, the nine hundred Coffee Nation machines will be substituted and re-named as costa Express. Costa coffee has acquired its roaster and hires the only three Italian superior Roasters in the United Kingdom. The mixture served in vend stores is called Mocha Italia and comprises of six sections Arabica beans and one section robusta beans (British Retail Cons ortium, 2006, P.1). The Costa Coffee product already has a first class ranking in all its market ventures. It is nearly the main profit giver of the corporation in the extensive markets of the United Kingdom. ... In addition, the strategies the company is using are questionable concerning if they provide more effectual results than other companies in terms of obtaining company name reputation (Enz, 2009, P.34). Corporate responsibility is an extremely crucial element for all businesses as it determines the reputation of a business and thus, profitability and development. It is indispensable for companies in food production to be socially responsible. This is because they are in a highly sensitive sector, which requires careful handling of both the products and customers. It is particularly valuable for companies in food production sectors, to ensure that they produce sufficient information concerning how they are socially responsible (Lury, 2011, P.17). The studies, undertaken by corporate social responsibility researchers have criticized the sustainability qualifications of Costa Coffee in areas such as recycling and waste. The study has shown that Costa Coffee gave most of its information, but did not offer a UK breakdown of its corporate social responsibility international report. The report discovered that Costa Coffee, which is possessed by Whitbread, operated better in its ventures but did not succeed in replying to requests for corporate social responsibility information. Costa Coffee also did not reveal information for its carbon tracks, but rather its environmental information is stated as section of the parent company (Lury, 204, P.37). Disclosing corporate social responsibility report is not only valuable for the purposes of fulfilling legal requirements, but also to increase customer confidence and reputation of the company. Costa Coffee customers and other potential customers are

Ethical Health Care Issues Essay Example for Free

Ethical Health Care Issues Essay Breast Cancer is a serious issue that affects almost every woman worldwide, either directly as someone diagnosed with cancer, or indirectly through the illness of a loved one (Women’s Health Resource, 2014). Breast Cancer is found in women, in their twenties and thirties, and those with a family history of the disease. In 2006, approximately 212,920 new cases of invasive breast cancer were diagnosed in the United States alone (Women’s Health Resource, 2014). The case scenario will discuss the ethical and legal issues regarding a 25 year old female patient stricken with breast cancer, who refuses treatment for the disease, in addition to the four (4) ethical principles, (a) autonomy (respect for persons), (b) justice, (c) beneficence, and (d) non-maleficence. Case Scenario A 25 year old female patient made an appointment with her primary care physician because she discovered a lump in her breast after a routine check. On the day of the appointment, the physician examined her breast, and made a referral for her to visit and oncologist, who specializes in the diagnoses and treatment of cancer. There are three types of oncologists. They are (a) medical oncologist (uses medicine (chemotherapy) to treat cancer), (b) radiation oncologist (uses radiation to treat cancer), and (c) surgical oncologist (treats cancer with surgery) (The Denise Roberts Breast Cancer Foundation, 2009). The patient schedules an appointment with the oncologist, who then will inform her of the diagnoses and treatments if needed as per the result of the biopsy. The result of the biopsy will confirm if the patient has breast cancer or not. Autonomy (respect for persons) acknowledges a person’s right to make choices, to hold views, and to take actions based on personal values and beliefs (Chowning et al., 2007). To refuse treatment, the patient must be legally and mentally capable, and 18 years or older. Parents with children under the age of 18, have the right to consent or refuse treatment for his or her child. Physicians also have a  moral and legal obligation to comply with a patient’s voluntary, informed refusal of life sustaining treatment, regardless of a physician’s judgment concerning the medical or moral appropriateness of this (Miller et al., 2000). A 25 year old patient with breast cancer refused medical treatment as suggested by the oncologist. Conflicts may arise with the patient as she made a decision to not receive care, which can ultimately lead to death. Death may be seen as a failure, rather than an important part of life (Smith, 2000). Upon receiving the patient choice to deny treatment, the oncologist is then obligated to inform, and educate the patient about the benefits of treatment, and risks associated with not receiving treatment. The patient has the right to deny treatment, even when the physician suggests the benefits of treatment. The following treatment options are available to the patient such as, lumpectomy, mastectomy, chemotherapy, radiation therapy and eventually, surgical reconstruction (Woman’s Health Resource, 2014). Autonomy When a patient refuses treatment to care for the disease, autonomy then becomes a bit challenging. While there may be opposing views in regard to treatment or non-treatment, medical professionals must respect the patient decision, and support the patient during this process, while delivering quality care (Stringer, 2009). The rules of law are based on ethical beliefs that are commonly held in our society. These basic ethical principles include respect for individual autonomy, beneficence (helping others), non-maleficence (not harming others), and justice or fairness. Regardless of whether these ethical duties are derived from religious faith, natural law, or a social contract, these principles form the basis for the legal rules of our society (Harris, 2007). Beneficence The principle of beneficence means that the health care provider must promote the wellbeing of patients and avoid harming them (Rosenthal, 2006). When a patient refuses treatment(s), the health care professional must communicate the risks of not receiving treatment. The job of the health care professional is to provide quality of care to the patient, even when a patient refuses treatment. The health care professional must remain compassionate, as the patient expects the medical professional to still  treat him or her with dignity and respect. Non Maleficence Non Maleficence means to do no harm. Health care professionals must always strive to do their work without malice or the intention thereof to the patient (Ask.com, 2014). The health care provider is obligated to aid the patient to the best of his or her ability by providing benefits, protecting the patients’ interest, and improve wellbeing. To ensure that the patient is not harmed while refusing treatment, the health care professional can conduct a risk benefit analysis where research on the disease and various medications can be found. Upon his or her findings, the health care professional should explain the effects of treatment or non-treatment. Under non maleficence, there is a legal â€Å"duty to warn† third parties, which is a critical and legal concept (Rosenthal, 2006). Justice The principle of justice means to treat others equitably, distribute benefits or burdens fairly (Chowning et al., 2007). Health care professionals must provide patients with treatment alternatives, and not misinform the patient about any of the medical processes involved. The major issue with this principle is that economic barriers can interfere with access to appropriate therapies and medications (Rosenthal, 2006). The health care organization is required to provide services or care to a patient regardless of health care coverage. Patients should also be treated equally regardless of age, race, or ethnicity. Patients must be treated with dignity and respect, even though he or she may refuse care or treatment for their medical condition. Conclusion One of the most common place ethical dilemmas in the health care industry is a patient refusing treatment to care, as this action may threaten his or her wellbeing or health. The health care professional must determine what aspects of autonomy, beneficence, justice, and non-maleficence need to be used before providing care. A physician has the legal right to ensure and provide the patient with sufficient information about treatment plans, and care. Health care administrators must examine underlying issues such as competence of the patient, the distinction apparent, and refusal of care (Michels, 1981). In the case of the 25 year old patient, ethical issues were  present because her right to refuse treatment conflicted with the oncologist’s obligations to provide quality care to her. References Ask.com (2014). What Is Non Maleficence? Retrieved from http://www.ask.com/question/what-is-non-maleficence Chowning et al. (2007). An Ethics Primer. Seattle WA: Northwest Association of Biomedical Research. Retrieved from https://www.nwabr.org/sites/default/files/NWABR_EthicsPrimer7.13.pdf Harris (2007). Contemporary Issues in Healthcare Law and Ethics, 3e. Retrieved from University of Phoenix Michels, R. (1981). The Right to Refuse Treatment: Ethical Issues. American Psychiatric Association, 32(1), 251-255. Miller, F., Fins, J., Snyder, L. (2000). Assisted suicide compared with refusal of treatment: a valid distinction? Annals of Internal Medicine, 132(6), 470-475. Rosenthal, M. S. (2006). Patient misconceptions and ethical challenges in radioactive iodine scanning and therapy*. Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology, 34(3), 143-50; quiz 151-2. Retrieved from http://search.proquest.com/docview/218613783?accountid=458 Smith, R. (2000). A good death: an important aim for health serv ices and for us all. British Medical Journal, 320(7228), 129-130. Stringer, S. (2009). Ethical issues involved in patient refusal of life-saving treatment. Cancer Nursing Practice, 8(3), 30-33. The Denise Roberts Breast Cancer Foundation (2009). Breast Health. Retrieved from http://www.tdrbcf.org/oncologist/index.html Women’s Health Resource (2014). Breast Cancer. Retrieved from http://www.wdxcyber.com/breast_home.html

A Reflection of Fashion

A Reflection of Fashion A Reflection of Fashion â€Å"We live not according to reasons, but according to fashion.† Without fashion, people live without the light of humanity. Fashion creates different color and style through clothes, pants, jewelries, shoes, bags, and other goods. It definitely makes life meaningful, brighter, more emotional, and more beautiful. In addition, fashion is not just clothes but it is the most fragile art and can form pop culture. The world has been changing through the fashion trends since the 1950s until nowadays, the popularity of fashion magazines and eco-fashion, and the interactions among fashion, music and sports. Due to the baby boom in the 1950s, there was a high demand of clothing for children and women. First let me talk about the real meaning of â€Å"Baby Boom.† A baby boomer is a person who was born during the Post-World War II. A group, they were believed to be the healthiest and wealthiest generation during that time, and among the first to grow up genuinely expecting the world to improve with time. One of the unique features of boomers was that they tended to think of themselves as â€Å"a special generation,† very different from those that had come before. In the 1960s, as the relatively large numbers of young people created a very specific rhetoric around their group. This rhetoric had an important impact in the self perceptions of the boomers, as well as their tendency to define the world in terms of generations, which was a relatively new phenomenon. Seventy-six million American babies were born between 1946 and 1960, representing followers that would be significan t on account of its size alone. This cohort shared characteristics like higher rates of participation in higher education than previous generations and an assumption of lifelong prosperity and entitlement developed during their childhood in the 1950s. The age wave theory suggests to an economic slowdown when the boomers start retiring during 2007-2009. Boomers were coming of age and influenced many people at the same time across the world. For instance, Britain was undergoing Beatlemania while people in the United States were driving over to Woodstock, organizing against the Vietnam War, or fighting and dying in the same war; boomers in Italy were dressing in mod clothes and buying the world a Coke; boomers in India were seeking new philosophical discoveries; American boomers in Canada had just found a new home and escaped the draft. Also, the boomers found that their music, most notably rock and roll, was another expression of their generational identity. Transistor radios were personal devices that allowed teenagers to listen to â€Å"The Beatles† and â€Å"The Motown Sound.† Those group musicians inspired their listener to follow their step include fashion and behavior. For example, young girls wore dresses and young boys wore jeans and t-shirts. The Beatles musical innovations, as well as their commercial success, inspired musicians worldwide (Big Star: The Story of Rocks Forgotten Band). A large number of artists have acknowledged â€Å"The Beatles† as an influence or have had chart successes with â€Å"covers of Beatles songs.† On radio, the arrival of The Beatles marked the beginning of a new era; program directors like Rick Sklar of New Yorks WABC went as far as forbidding DJs from playing any pre-Beatles music (Fisher, Marc, 2007). The â€Å"Shea Stadium† which they op ened their â€Å"1965 North American Tour† attracted what was then the largest audience in concert history and is seen as a landmark event in the growth of the rock crowd. Emulation of their clothing and especially their hairstyles, which became a mark of rebellion, had a global impact on fashion (Gould, Jonathan, 2008). More broadly, The Beatles changed the way people listened to popular music and experienced its role in their lives. From what began as the Beatle mania fad, the group grew to be perceived by their young fans across the industrialized world as the representatives, even the personification, of ideals associated with cultural transformation. As icons of the 1960s counterculture, they became a channel for bohemianism and activism in various social and political arenas, fueling such movements as womens liberation, gay liberation and environmentalism. After the World War II, women craved for femininity, glamour, sexiness style and the use of synthetic material.Dior fulfilled all the dreams of the feminine woman in the early 50s. In 1947, Christian Dior presented a fashion look of material was a bold and shocking stroke.His style used yards of fabric.Approximately ten yards was used for early styles.Later Dior used up to eighty yards for newer refinements that eliminated bulk at the waist. The New Look and new approach to fashion was a major post war turning point in Fashion History. Diors timing made his name in fashion history. After the war women longed for lightheartedness in dress and desired feminine clothes that did not look like a civilian version of a military uniform (fiftiesweb.com). Life magazine called Dior as the New Look in 1947.Evening versions of the New Look were very glamorous and consisted of strapless boned tops with full skirts and were ultra feminine. Diors New Look dominated the fashion world for about ten years, but was not the only silhouette of the era.In 1956 was the year that introduced visible changes that separate the early fifties from the late fifties. It places that fashion era firmly alongside the stuffy formality of the forties, while putting the post 1956 period firmly into the start of the lively live style, anything goes sixties fashion period, often dominated by the young of the day. There were those in the 1950s that rebelled against the perfect groomed look, so often associated with Grace Kelly elegance. Leslie Caron and Audrey Hepburn both often wore simple black sweaters, flat shoes and gold hoop earrings coupled with short haircuts. They gave a continental alternative often described as chic and had many fashion followers seeking to embrace the modern. As a new, more open-minded society evolved, women moved to more relaxed clothes instead of wore dress rules that were associated with formality for decades. Marilyn Monroe appeared in the 1950s and became a fashion legend. Marilyn Monroe personified Hollywood glamour with an unparalleled glow and energy that charmed the world. Her swaying hips made her more attractive and seductive, which increased her sexual appeal. Her natural hourglass body was perfect for the 1950s where womanly curves were the desirable body image of the fashion era that made her as a 50s sex goddess. Her apparent vulnerability and innocence, in combination with a natural sensuality, has endeared her to the global consciousness. She dominated the age of movie stars to become, without question, the most famous woman of the 20th Century. Her ideal body would be considered too heavy by todays beauty standards. However, her image is still popular in the 20th century. At the beginning of 1960s, the fashion style was similar to 1950s. Jacqueline Kennedy became the â€Å"lady like† trendsetter for the first half of sixties where there were clean suits, sleeveless A-line dresses, pillbox hat, and also gloves (Drake.Marin.k12.ca.us). She was the wife of the 35th president of the United States, John F. Kennedy, and served as First Lady during his presidency from 1961 until his assassination in 1963. During her husbands presidency, Jacqueline Kennedy became a symbol of fashion for women all over the world. She hired French-born American fashion designer and Kennedy family friend, Oleg Cassini, in the fall of 1960 to create an original wardrobe for her as First Lady. From 1961 to late 1963, Cassini dressed her in many of her most iconic fashion, including her Inauguration Day fawn coat and Inaugural gala gown as well as many outfits for her visits to Europe, India and Pakistan. Her clean suits, sleeveless A-line dresses and famous pillbox hats we re an overnight success around the world and became known as the Jackie look. Although Cassini was her primary designer, she also wore ensembles by French fashion legends such as Chanel, Givenchy, and Dior. More than any other First Lady her style was copied by commercial manufacturers and a large segment of young women (firstladies.org). In the years after the White House, her style changed dramatically. Gone were the modest campaign wife clothes. Wide-leg pantsuits, large lapel jackets, silk Hermes head scarves and large, round, dark sunglasses were her new look. She often chose to wear brighter colors and patterns and even began wearing jeans in public. (Jackie Kennedy: Post-Camelot Style). She also experimented with different styles, often wearing a large amount of jewelry, hoop earrings with her hair pulled back, and gypsy skirts. In the 1959, the U.S. government declared the war on Vietnam. This became the turning point for youth culture to reject this idea of war because it was a sign of rebellion to kill many innocent people. The idea encouraged youths to be involved in demonstrating the theme of â€Å"freedom† toward songs and the most important was the fashion styles. The style was called the â€Å"hippie† or â€Å"flower children† in which both genders wore similar clothing such as tight Levis bell-bottoms that flared wide at the knee, and were covered with decorated patches (Fiftiesweb.com). Men and women wore their individual garments such as leather vests over bare chests or tee shirts and dressy loose blouses (Fiftiesweb.com). Tune In, Turn On, and Drop Out was the motto of the hippie movement, a significant countercultural phenomenon in the 1960s and early 1970s that grew partially out of young Americas growing disillusionment with U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War. Hippies w ere mainly white teenagers and young adults who shared a hatred and distrust towards traditional middle-class values and authority. They rejected political and social orthodoxies but embraced aspects of Eastern religions, particularly Buddhism. Many hippies also saw hallucinogenic drugs, such as marijuana and LSD (lysergic acid diethylamide), as the key to escaping the ties of society and expanding their individual consciousness. The immediate precursor to the hippies was the so-called Beat Generation of the late 1950s, including the poet Allen Ginsberg, who became a hippie hero. But where the coolly intellectual, black-clad beats tended to keep a low profile and stay out of politics, the hippies were known as much for their political outspokenness as for their long hair and colorful psychedelic clothing. To express their protests, and to â€Å"turn on† others, the hippies used art, street theater and particularly music. Folk music and psychedelic rock-the Beatles album Serge ant Peppers Lonely Hearts Club Band was a prime example for both crucial aspect of hippie culture. This culture reached its peak in the summer of 1967, when a concert in San Fransiscos Golden Gate Park kicked off the start of the so-called â€Å"Summer of Love.† The event introduced the music and culture of the hippies to a wider audience and inspired thousands of young people around the country. In 1969, more than 500,000 people attended the Woodstock Music and Art Festival in New York, and event that symbolized the best aspect of the hippie movement. There was also a dark side to the hippie culture. A time magazine reported from San Fransiscos public health director saying that the city was paying $35,000 per month for treatment for drug abuse for 10,000 hippies (history.com). Therefore, the â€Å"hippies† style clothes was much more popular among teenagers because both sexes could express the similar idea and fashion compared to â€Å"lady-like† trend in which it only concentrated on female with showing good-manner lifestyle. The theme of â€Å"freedom† continued to be the most important fashion statement in the 1970s where it promoted disco and punk style. Many teenagers during this time period came to clubs to socialize with other teenagers. The outfits that they wore included gold lame, leopard skin, stretch halter jumpsuits, and white clothes that glowed in ultra violet light to capture the 70s disco fashion perfectly (Fashion-Era.com). To counter social stylish fashion, another theme appeared for the â€Å"rebellious† adolescent called the â€Å"punk† style, which was known as an anti-fashion. Punk clothes suited the lifestyle of lower class, and communicated through ripped jeans, torn t-shirts, and random haircut (Fashion-Era.com). When compared, one seemed respectable and wholesome, while the other made the wearer seem like a homeless person. In 1980s â€Å"Glamorous† became the main theme as the television show â€Å"Dynasty† appeared and inspired over 250 million viewers around the world. This show influenced especially female audiences to dress lavishly and use both fine and costume jewelry (Ultimatedynasty.net). This idea portrait was to spend a large amount of money in order to show off ones economics status. Moreover, most women wore shoulder pads with such ornaments as diamond, pearl, and gold chain. Dynasty the 1980s television fantasy soap series promoted fashions which enlarged the shoulder. One of the main characters was played by the naturally broad shouldered film star Linda Evans. Nolan Miller, the Dynasty film set costume designer decided to go with her big shoulders and gave slight emphasized to them. Every other actor had to be shoulder padded, but with more depth to match her shoulder. Many who watched did so for a look at the 80s fashions which were always over the top and frankly camp. 1 980s fashion favored applied decoration on suits and T-shirts and beadwork on clothing which all pandered to the ideals of a time of conspicuous consumption.The 1980s was a time of greed and individuals living a lie that they had everything whether it be fashion, champagne or property. Many fell into debt as the only way to acquire an 80s lifestyle for many was via the credit card. Lavish used of both fine and costume jewelers was worn day and night on the show and it drifted into mainstream fashion. Big, almost huge gilt fashion earrings several centimeters across drew attention to faces drowning in shoulder pads. Stones could be fake or real. Diamante, pearls and gold chains were intended to tell the rest of the world you had arrived. The women in Dynasty wore all the trimmings of jewellery along with a wide range of lavish covetable underwear and lingerie (fashionera.com). Similiarly, the concept inspired the male fashion style. For instance, Michael Jackson in The Thriller was the sixth studio album by American recording artist Michael Jackson. The album was released on November 30, 1982 by Epic Records as the followed-up to Jacksons critically and commercially successful 1979 album Off the Wall. Thriller explored similar genres to those of Off the Wall, including funk, disco, soul, RB, and pop. Thrillers lyrics dealed with themes included paranoia and the supernatural. With a production budget of $750,000, recording sessions took place between April and November 1982 at Westlake Recording Studios in Los Angeles, California (thelakestudio.com). Assisted by producer Quincy Jones, Jackson wrote four of Thrillers nine tracks. In just over a year, Thriller became—and currently remains—the best-selling album of all time, with estimated sales between 70-110 million copies worldwide, as well as the best-selling album in the United States (thel akestudio.com). Thriller ranked number 20 on Rolling Stone magazines 500Greatest Albums of All Time list in 2003, and was listed by the National Association of Recording Merchandisers at number three in its Definitive200Albums of All Time. Thriller was preserved by the Library of Congress to the National Recording Registry, as it was deemed culturally significant. Such clothing that Jackson wore red, black leather pants and jackets, one glove, and sunglasses influenced male to follow Jacksons style (Fashion-Era.com). Moreover, The Miami Vice also inspired gentleman to wear colorful shirts with expensive suits. Miami Vice was an American television series produced by Michael Mann for NBC. The show became noted for its heavy integration of music and visual effects to tell a story. The series starred by Don Johnson and Phillip Michael Thomas as two Metro-Dade Police Department detectives working undercover in Miami. It ran for five seasons on NBC from 1984-1989. Unlike standard police procedurals, the show drew heavily upon 1980s New Wave culture and music. It is recognized as one of the most influential television series of all time. People magazine stated that Miami Vice was the first show to look really new and different since color TV was invented† (nbc.com). The clothes worn on Miami Vice had a significant influence on mens fashion. They popularized, if not invented, the T-shirt under Armani jacket-style, and popularized Italian mens fashion in the United States. Don Johnsons typical lin eup of Italian sport coat, T-shirt, white linen pants, and slip-on sockless loafers became a hit. Even Crocketts unshaven appearance sparked a minor fashion trend, inspiring men to wear a small amount of beard stubble, also known as a five oclock shadow (or designer stubble) at all times (New York Times). On an average episode, Crockett and Tubbs wore five to eight outfits, appearing in shades of pink, blue, green, peach, fuchsia and the shows other approved colors. Designers such as Vittorio Ricci, Gianni Versace, and Hugo Boss were consulted in keeping the male looking trendy. Costume designer Bambi Breakstone, who traveled to Milan, Paris, and London in search of new clothes, testified that, The concept of the show is to be on top of all the latest fashion trends in Europe.† Jodi Tillen, the costume designer for the first season, along with Michael Mann set the style. The abundance of pastel colors on the show reflected Miamis Art-deco architecture. During its five-year run , consumer demanded for unconstructed blazers, shiny fabric jackets, and lighter pastels increased. After Six formal wore even created a line of Miami Vice dinner jackets, Kenneth Cole introduced Crockett and Tubbs shoes, and Macys opened a Miami Vice section in its young mens department. Crockett also boosted Ray Bans popularity by wearing a pair of Ray-Ban Wayfarer (Model L2052, Mock Tortoise), which increased sales of Ray Bans to 720,000 units in 1984. Many of the styles popularized by the TV show, such as the t-shirt under pastel suits, no socks, rolled up sleeves, and Ray-Ban sunglasses, have today become the standard image of 1980s culture. The influence of Miami Vices fashions continued into the early 1990s, and to some extent still persists today. Therefore, those trends imitated the audience to dress like the famous movie stars on screen. As the result â€Å"glamour† trend for female and male was the most principal fashion in nineties to show the more expensive stuff people put on their dress to be look alike famous icon celebrities the more stylish they will be. Similarly to â€Å"freedom† fashion style in the sixties and seventies, the term â€Å"expression† became the slogan of the nineties. The mood of society in the final decade of the last millennium was more defining than what was actually worn. So much more was on offer globally, and many people lost interest in fashion as necessary and important to their lives when business rules for dressing relaxed. Working from home became common. By the edge of the 21st century dressing down in every aspect of life became an acceptable norm. Ordinary retail clothing sales, textile manufacturing industries and stores all declined from a less active more casual marketplace. The range of fashion goods available was huge in the 1990s, but no one knows the real answer why retail sales were often slow-moving. The main driving force of fashion was the striving to achieve individuality. Fashion increased as fast as it could be relayed by the media and Internet and only by styling oneself r ather than slavishly following a particular designers fashion look, could individuality be achieved. Rapid distribution of information and a more relaxed attitude to clothes has led to a certain inevitable uniformity in cities thousands of miles apart. The consuming years of the 1980s less became more in the 1990s. Not everyone adopted minimalism, but many did as they sought to blend and fit with an increasingly aggressive urban society. For instance, the silhouette became neater as shoulder pads finally died and jewellery became non existent or chic in its fineness and barely there quality. People ensured that designers of today are likely to be influenced by street fashion. But all too frequently they pick up an idea at the street level source. They have an eye to global commercial profits from effect on their ready to wear ranges. This makes for a lack of creativity as clothes develop homogenized uniformity. In a market saturated with retail outlets, clothing sales have been falling. The consumer simply has too many shopping places to choose from, so spending power gets spread very thinly between all the outlets or directed to specific branded goods. Moreover, the view towards millennium or dressing down became widely known when many people lost interest in fashion. However, this situation made people come up with a trend called the minimalist style such as mini skirt, or tank top. Moreover, there appeared punk or gothic style in which both females and males wore black clothing, used make up, spiky hair, black pants, and color hair. The variety of colors was also popular during this time period as a way to express peoples feelings. For example, people wore red t-shirts to show happiness, and wore blue for relaxation. Thus, the idea to express themselves and to present their feeling toward colors became the most important style during the 1990s. Fashions today is still affected by the trends from 1950s-1990s. It becomes the primary role for peoples lives because in essence, it reflects who people really are. Fashion has become a most important component to pop culture in every country. Individual values and social issues are often portrayed in the types and styles of clothing people wear. Susan Kaieser, a professor at University of California, stated that historically fashion has been influenced by subcultures and racial/ethnic communities (Worldandi.com). Fashion is marketed to appeal to the consumers and to create a desire to purchase new trends, despite the reality that there is not actual need for new clothing. Environmentalists have recognized the excess spending on clothing ‘needs. People have sought to purchase the trend in order to stay in style for generations. Environmentalists have begun placing responsibility on society. This enlightenment makes consumers and industries pay more special attention to the env ironmental danger and over indulgence that clothing might create. In order to be a part of resolving environmental problems, ideas have stimulated a new way of manufacturing and purchasing a product. This trend has brought attention to the way industries should be marketed a product in an environmentally healthy way. This development is labeled eco-fashion (Beard, 449). Eco-fashion, thoughtful to the way a product was generated, despite the environmental or human expenses, became more of a social issue. Now, manufactures feel the need to assemble a product that is trendy of good quality, yet not exploiting to any natural or human resource. Concentration on developing a great product required more than just a focus on the end result. Natalie Domeisen (2006) reports that the United Nations is promoting products that committed to using organic cotton, minimum labor standards, and using recycled materials to manufacture a new product (13). Even though the materials are altered, the sophistication of the product is not. To complete the sophisticated shopping look, some industries have created accessories that are re-usable shopping bags (Beard, 449). Thus, the new concept was to repl ace the non environmental throw away plastic bags. All of those new industry changes reflect trends popular to eco-fashion. Purchasing a product that is considered to represent eco-fashion allows the consumer to become a part of solving the global environmental issues. Clothing made with organic cotton and minimum labor standards create job opportunities that would change economic issues in other countries. The 1980s brought huge attention to the development on the conditions it took to provide a product to the consumer (Beard, 450-1). Companies that modify the production techniques by avoiding sweatshops and animal experimentation discover that their product is more marketable to the consumer. Another newer tradition that has been practiced by many cultures is shopping at vintage and second hand shops. In previous decades, the idea of purchasing second-hand clothing was considered mostly by low-income families or students on a fixed budget (Beard, 457). The current trend has become the thrill of discovering a brand name piece of clothing, still in good condition, for an extremely discounted price. The negative aspect is that the selection is usually limited; however, this creates opportunities to add unique pieces to ones wardrobe. What once was considered embarrassing, shopping at a second hand store, has now become socially acceptable. Choosing to purchase vintage and second had clothing has become more than a new fashion trend. It has become influential to the society of the culture. Fashion trends consist of more than just where a consumer shops. Trends are shaped by how the consumer shops. A new shopping development has become popular and it has become a new twist on an old concept: using magazines. Sogo, Metro, Matahari and other popular retail stores have provided catalogs that allow products to be bought without ever having to leave the convenience of home. Now fashion magazines such as Oriflame, Sophie Martin, and others have begun to adapt to this same idea. Fashions magazines are beginning to be created for basic shopping knowledge to the consumer without all of the extra articles. The traditional fashion magazines provided opportunities to browse and to dream what they would look like wearing the fashion that was most current and popular. However, these magazines did little to provide consumers with the knowledge of where to purchase the product. Today, professional women do not have the time to browse, and they are more concerned with where they can pu rchase the product at the best deal, instead of the traditional mall browsing (Aster, 22). Magazine editors have recognized the need for convenience. The new trend in fashion magazines is seen in the publication of Lucky and Fashion Shop. The focus of these magazines of concentrated on consumers that have income of $50,000 or more. These magazines are high quality and more about the product and very effective (Aster, 22). Fashion promotions printed in these magazines have proven to be very expensive. The cost for an advertiser to place a one page ad can vary from $4000 to $61000 (Aster, 22). However, the effectiveness and concentration on a specific demographic of consumers, outweighs the expense. Magazines created to promote fashion are publicized around the world. The trends from different cultures are absorbed into foreign cultures. Information on new fashion styles and products send the idea that this new trend is very important. It is seen in the Russian society that the model of what was traditional has changed. A famous Russian magazine, Kresti ‘Yanka (â€Å"Peasant Woman†), in the past had published knitting patterns, recipes and family life advice; now the magazine includes articles on weight loss, skin care, love advice, and fashion styles (Merridale, 32). Ten years ago, Russian consumers would not have been able to purchase products easily from around the world. The emphasis on popular trends was not as bold. In todays culture, the fashion style influences most areas of daily life (Merridale, 32). Russian women and teenage girls desire to imitate the fashions that are most popular. Personal choices of style to women have become common. No longer do the desires of the old exist. Although narrow minded from the older generation and poverty within the country are still present in Russia, the consumers are entering the 20th century embracing new trends in fashion. Poverty and fashion do not seem to be two words that should be included in the same sentence. However, it is seen how the evolution of both are transforming the world. Aside from poverty and fashion, the world is also affected by the interaction among music, sports and fashion. With modern forms of media such as internet, cable televisions, and DVDs, fashion really spreads its influences into every country around the world. Fashion and music are two important factors that enrich pop culture. Music influences fashion, and fashion trends define each type of music. Fashion helps musicians express their personalities and their unique style. Standing out from the others is the most important things to the musicians since being different always impresses the audience. For example, Elvis Presleys out of ordinary style dominated fashion trend in the 1950s, 1960s, and 1970s with tight jump, wildly colorful suits whipped around, and long fit jeans. Elviss style is considered one of the most remarkable influences of music to fashion. Everybody loved not only his music, but also his unique fashion sense. Also, in Sonya Rehmans writing about the interaction between music and fashion Tracing Trends of Fashion through Music, Elton John is famous for the suits, crazy hats, dark glasses and rings. The Beatles get up reflected their music- with their bowl-shaped, identical haircuts, and their suits bobbing their heads in unison. Black lipsticks, colored contact lens with freak get-ups are Marilyn Mansons fashion style. Kiss defined the fashion trend of super hero-ish costumes, black and white bat-inspired make-up and glittery go-go boots. Also, Poison, Whitesnake, and Gun n Roses, men with razor- cut fringes, long hair, leather pants, makeup and bling was st andard. (Sonya Rehman 2007). In conclusion, fashion has made an impact on music, no matter how small or large, it creates the connection between music and style. Therefore, fashion and music are inseparable. Not only does music affect fashion trends, but fashion also influences music, especially hip-hop which has seemed to go hand in hand with fashion. In her writing about hip-hop generation Rap and Race: Its Got a Nice Beat, But what About the Message?, Rachel Sullivan wrote, â€Å" Seventy-eight percent of adolescent said that baggy clothes were in, 76% said pro sports apparel was in, and 69% said hooded sweatshirts were in.† (Sullivan 241). Moreover, people can find a variety of famous labels in hip-hop songs such as Calvin Klein, Perry Ellis, Ralph Lauren, Prada, Chanel, or Adidas. For instance, in the song Lil Kim and Notorious B.I.G sing in the song Drug, â€Å"My flows first class and yours is Coach like the bag, the Prada mama, my girls rock Chanel and smoke marijuana, admiring my shoes by Gucci,† (Kitty Ryan). Since hip-hop is becoming more and more popular in pop culture, it is definitely one of the best tools to advertise fashion. That famous fashion brands appe ar more often in hip-hop proves how popular and important fashion is. Undoubtedly, fashion and music are irreplaceable factors since they interact with each other to become a voice to speak to the world of pop culture. Besides music, fashion has dramatic influences on sports. In fact, sportswear has a greater global impact than high fashion since sports is one of the most important areas in pop culture. Fashion not only makes people more comfortable and confident when playing sports, but also makes sports it more stylish and trendy. Back in the early 1920s, sports fashion became popular, especially in golf and tennis. By 1917 Vogue urged women to put their overskirts in a shoulder bag once on a mountain slope. In his writing about the sports fashion C20th Sports Costume and Sports Dress Fashion History to 1960, P

Romanticism, Realism and Local Color in The Awakening Essay -- Chopin

Romanticism, Realism and Local Color in The Awakening    Kate Chopin is an author who was born in 1851 and died in 1904.   Her father died when she was young, and her husband died when she was thirty-one leaving her with six children.   Due to this, she had little male influence throughout her life.   This may possibly be why she had so little inhibition when writing her novels.   She seemed to concentrate on the oppression of women and presented socially unacceptable ideas at the time of their publication.   Although Kate Chopin stirred up great controversy in her time, today her novels, short stories, and poems are often regarded as great literary works that incorporate bold concepts, grim social realities, and also elements of romance.   One such novel of Chopin's that embodies these characteristics is The Awakening, first published in 1899.   At the time of its release, men held the reigns of society and women basically catered to their every whim.   Acts, such as adultery and the abandonment of children, were rarely co mmitted, and they especially were not discussed.   The Awakening came as a shock to society as Kate Chopin presented a novel that developed her opinions through examples of Romantic, Realistic, and local color writing.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Like many novels of its time, The Awakening is an example of Romanticism.   Romanticism can be defined as a literary or art movement of the late eighteenth and early nineteenth century that emphasizes individualism, love of nature, celebration of common man, freedom, emotion, exotic worlds, fantasy, and a tendency to look to the past.   The Awakening's main character, ... ...s examples of local color help to intensify the characters, setting, and conflict.        Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Chopin showed what a talented writer she was by her incorporation of Romanticism, Realism, and local color in her novel The Awakening.   She combined these elements to add dimension to her writing and further develop her thoughts and ideas.   Kate Chopin was not a typical writer nor was she a typical person.   As shown in her book, The Awakening, she was audacious and wrote about what she truly felt rather than what was expected of her.   Literary devices, such as romance, realistic events, and local color, do add a volume to novels, but without Chopin's skill in using these devices, this novel would not have been the eye-opening masterpiece it is today.  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  

Compare Piaget and Vygotsky

Cognitive development is the term used to describe the construction of thought process, including remembering, problem solving and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood. In this essay I will compare and contrast the theories of Piaget and Vygotsky, both of which were enormously significant contributors to the cognitive development component to/in psychology. In addition to this I will also weigh up the strengths and weaknesses of each theory and outline how they can be applied to an educational setting. At the centre of Piaget's theory is the principle that cognitive development occurs in a series of four distinct, universal stages, each characterized by increasingly sophisticated and abstract levels of thought. He believed that these stages always occur in the same order, each builds on what was learned in the previous stage and that the development resulted from two influences: maturation and interaction with environment. Although Vygotsky’s theory works along similar lines to Piaget – the belief that children were active in their learning. He focused more on the importance of social interaction and language and how they both play a fundamental influence on children’s development of understanding. Although both psychologists acknowledged that all children go through stages, they were distinguished by different styles of thinking, and approach to analysing the cognitive development process. The stages were the centre of Piaget’s theory while Vygotsky only acknowledged them in his theory. Piaget’s theory unlike Vygotsky, generalized children into age groups and ranked their abilities accordingly. For example: Piaget believed that all children that reach The concrete Operational stage (ages 7-11) have overcome centration and become decentred, they are capable of mastering the principles of classification, seriation and class inclusion. However, Vygotsky maintained the concept that if a child follows the adult's example he will gradually develop the ability to do certain tasks without help or assistance. He called the difference between what a child can do with help and what he or she can do without guidance the â€Å"zone of proximal development† (ZPD). As a result of this different approach to children, we can relate this to the reason why unlike Piaget, Vygotsky acknowledged the issue of Special Educational needs and how some children might be of the same age as their peers but find it difficult to complete the same tasks cause of other issues. Vygotsky believed that learning leads to development and that â€Å"Pushing† the child as such was to be encouraged in order to develop the potential the child can reach. On the other hand, Piaget’s theory was based on biological maturation, an understanding that intelligence is gained as a process that is developed over time. Both psychologists believed that interaction was the key to the development of the child. However, they both focused on a different interaction. Piaget acknowledged the importance of the child’s interaction with the environment whilst Vygotsky on the other hand stressed the importance of social interaction and of having someone who knows more than the child and who can help the child learn something that would be too difficult to do alone. Piaget saw the child as a scientist, he learnt things in solitary on his own, while Vygotsky saw the child as an apprentice because he learnt as a result of social collaboration. Consequently, the way that they viewed the role of the teacher in a child’s life differed. Piaget believed that the teacher was the facilitator, the one that provides the interaction in the environment. As opposed to Vygotsky’s belief that the teacher is the expert that provides the scaffolding support to children as they are learning new things. In addition to this Vygotsky believed that language was crucial for the cognitive development. He believed that the greatest advantage in development comes when we get to the stage of being able to internalise language. One of the biggest differences between these theories was that Vygotsky was able to put his theories into practice in a school setting. Unlike Piaget, who was of an academic background and didn’t apply his theories. Never the less, they both theories influenced education and empahsied the importance of assessment however Vygotsky wanted the observation of children and their abilities to be as valied as test scores. Most of the criticism of Piaget’s work is in regards to his research methods. A major source of his inspiration for the theory was based on his observations of his own children. And because of this small sample group, people believe that it is difficult and incorrect to generalise his findings to a larger population. Similarly, many psychologists believe that Piaget underestimated the age which children could accomplish certain tasks and that sometimes children understand a concept before they are able to demonstrate their understanding of it. For example, children in the Sensorimotor stage may not search for a hidden object because their motor skills are not developed, rather than because they lack object permanence. This has been supported by evidence from Bower & Wishart (1972). They found that the way that an object is made to disappear influences the child’s response. As well as this, Piaget’s theory has been said to overestimate that every child and adult reaches the formal operational stage of knowledge development. Dasen (1994) claims that only a third of adults ever reach this stage. The lack of empirical support in regards to Piaget’s suggestion that the cognitive development is built from the conflict that endures by placing the child in a state of disequilibrium was critisied by other psychologists. For example, Inhelder et al. 1974) showed that children learn better in situations of mild conflict. Also, Piaget focused on children’s mistakes and thus may have overlooked important mental abilities of the children by focusing on in what connection did they make their error during the task. Although Piaget’s theory has quite a lot of criticism, he will always be known as one of the most influential psychologists. His theory is known to have had a great contribution to education and has provided a starting point for other psychologist’s research which has helped us develop and understand the cognitive development. When compared with Piaget’s theory, a major weakness to Vygotsky’s theory is that there is little empirical research relation to it. This is probably due to his early death and because the theory focuses on the process of the cognitive development and not of the outcomes like Piaget’s. In addition to this, many psychologists believe that vygotsky might have over emphasised the influence that social interaction on children’s learning capabilities. However on the other hand, it is said that he underemphasized the biological and individual factors of the cognitive development. Vygotsky encouraged being aware of the children potential and how with the proper assistance or support from an adult or a peer with more knowledge the child is capable of learning more. Through this simple observation he gave it the term of â€Å"Zone of Proximal Development† . Hughs (1975) and Donaldson (1978) proved this by demonstrated that the same tasks that Piaget set for the children can be made understandable by making them more child friendly by providing a familiar social atmosphere. The practical application of the ideas presented by both Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theories in a classroom could help a classroom run more smoothly by providing the teacher with different teaching methods. A teacher following Piaget's theories would be likely to group children of similar levels of development together. The teacher would encourage abstract thought during discussions, and be certain to build on previous information that the students had been given. However, when testing the skills and knowledge of the students, the teacher would be more likely to use questions that evoked concrete answers such as true or false questions. The teacher would be more likely to go over past information add new information, assign individual assignments, and then test the students' knowledge on the subject. On the other hand, a teacher following Vygotsky's theories would be more likely to form groups of diverse students with different skill levels and different levels of knowledge, possibly even setting up tutors for slower students. The teacher would be more likely to assign group projects and give the students problems to solve, as opposed to asking questions that can be answered with a concrete answer. In addition to this, the teacher should attempt to create a lesson that would incorporate all three stages of learning by providing the information to the students, allowing diverse groups to work together and then assigning an individual task that tests the students' ability to think through the information and problem on their own. Which would help prove that with the help they received before they were apable of doing the next task by themselves. Although both theories can be applied to an educational setting, their implications on a classroom would arise in different manners. By only applying Piaget’s theory in a classroom, for example grouping children of similar levels of development would produce a group of smart children and a group of less capable children. In doing this, the classroom could beco me a place where the less capable children would be known as underachievers and taunted by the more academical children. Similarly, only applying Vygotsky’s theory in an educational, for example, by forming groups of diverse students with different skill levels an different levels of knowledge together, only applying Vygotsky’s theory in an educational, the able children will always be assisting the less able and it may hinder their abilities to learn. In conclusion, I think that both Piaget’s and Vygotsky’s theories offer different insight into how children learn and that maybe by combining the different ideas from both of them would help in building a good teaching classroom.

Appreciation of Shakespeare’s sonnet 18

His early plays were mainly comedies and istories, genres he raised to the peak of sophistication and artistry by the end of the sixteenth century. He then wrote mainly tragedies until about 1608, including Hamlet, King Lear, and Macbeth, considered some of the finest works in the English language. In his last phase, he wrote tragicomedies, also known as romances, and collaborated with other playwrights . Shakespeare's reputation did not rise to its present heights until the nineteenth century.The Romantics, in particular, acclaimed Shakespeare's genius, and the Victorians worshipped Shakespeare with a reverence that George Bernard Shaw called â€Å"bardolatry†. In the twentieth century, his work was repeatedly adopted and rediscovered by new movements in scholarship and performance. His plays remain highly popular today and are constantly studied, performed and reinterpreted in diverse cultural and political contexts throughout the world.His plays have been translated into ev ery major living language and are performed more often than those of any other playwright. Of Shakespeare's sonnets in the text, Sonnet 18 is one of the most moving lyric poems that I have ever read. There is great use of imagery within the sonnet. This is not to say that the rest of the poems in the ook were not good, but this to me was the best, most interesting, and most beautiful of them. Sonnet 18 Shall I compare thee toa summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed, And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, Nor shall death brag thou wand'rest in his shade,

Praying Mantis

Praying Mantis EVERYTHING You ever wanted to know on the subject PRYAING MANTIS, including the Martial Art and Cultural Significance Excellent job!!praying mantis(Mantis Religiosa)ContentsIntroductionClassesFirst Things FirstKey FeaturesBasic FeaturesDiet Combat StyleReproductionGrowth DevelopmentSelf-DefenseCultural SignificancePraying Mantis Kung-FuINTRODUCTION'Praying Mantis' is the name commonly used in English speaking countries to refer to a large, much elongated, slow-moving insect with fore legs fitted for seizing and holding insect prey. The name, 'Praying Mantis' more properly refers to the specific Mantid species Mantis Religiosa or the European Mantis, but typically is used more generally to refer to any of the mantid family. The name is derived from the prayer-like position in which the insect holds its long, jointed front legs while at rest or waiting for prey. It is also called the 'preying' mantis because of its predatory nature.CLASSESMany questions have risen regarding the prayi ng mantis.English: Mantis religiosa. Lisboa, Portugal. Franï ¿ ½...Such questions include how many different species there are in the animal kingdom. Estimates range from 1500 to 2200 different mantid species WORLDWIDE. The most common figure given, though, is about 1800.The ways the Mantid's are classified in the Animal Kingdom. There is agreement that the collection of mantid species make up the Mantidae family of insects. The Mantidae family, in turn, is part of the order/suborder Mantodea that includes a variety of mantid-like species. But the existing literature does not reflect a clear consensus about what insect order Mantodea belong in. Some have placed Mantodea in the Dictyoptera Order-with the roaches.Others place Mantodea in the Orthoptera Order-with crickets and grasshoppers. Finally, some believe that Mantodea constitute their own independent order of insects. There seems to be an emerging consensus around this position.FIRST THINGS FIRSTThe Mantis Religiosa was first. ..

Purchase quality economics essay from us

Purchase quality economics essay from us Economics essay Students taking a course in Economics are often assigned to produce an economics essay. When giving this assignment, professors want to see whether students understand an educational program well. Moreover, producing such papers helps students learn to cover different topics. Thus, they will know how to analyze economic issues in the right way. Note that different mathematical formulas and methods are used to prepare works in Accounting. You should know that Economics is a complex academic area. You should adopt financial strategies and develop economic concepts to write superior economics essays. This subject analyzes such matter as GDP (gross domestic product). Furthermore, it explores the way various economic issues influence different industries. Economics can be divided into two types: macro and micro. Macroeconomics examines an economy as a unit. In this case, the economy of a particular country and that of big entities are taken into account. Microeconomics investigates how small companies distribute their economic resources. It is obvious that economic essays are written on a variety of topics. You need to choose the one for your work. There are a lot of issues you can write about. Nevertheless, you should select the subject that you are well-aware of. For instance, you may examine such item as recession. In this case, you should find out what causes it. In order to analyze the issue thoroughly, you should take into account the following facts: climate changes, low economic growth, a small number of tourists, etc. Note that there are a lot of other economics essay topics which you may cover. When writing your economic essay, you need to use modern reliable sources. Thus, you will be able to collect relevant material on the discussed subject. For this reason, you should browse websites providing economic information, read journals and economics articles about the considered matter. By the way, you may ask you teacher to explain some aspects of the work clearly. Moreover, your professor may recommend using some reputable sources for preparing your paper. Are you eager to know how to write an economics essay perfectly? First, you need to write grammatically correct sentences and pay meticulous attention to the meaning of the used words. However, if you face any difficulties, you should get valuable help online. Our writers can produce original academic works in different subjects. They use authoritative sources when preparing essays. Besides, they always make references appropriately. You can be sure that a skilled writer will be assigned to your order. Furthermore, you may choose a preferred writer to do you all your assignments. We ensure that you will receive a good essay form us on time. If you want to prepare a work of superior quality, you should write a great thesis statement. Thus, you need to conduct detailed research to examine the topic properly. If you should focus on the main idea of your paper, you will develop it in the right manner. Remember that the presented ideas should be based on strong arguments. Readers may disagree with the viewpoint presented in your piece of economics essay writing. Therefore, you should provide factual data to persuade readers take your position. Before you begin producing your paper, you should make a plan. It should present all the points you are going to explore in your economics essay. You need to write a great work, so that readers find it interesting. If you concentrate on the selected topic, you will prepare an outstanding piece of writing.

Why has the strategic bombing offensive against Germany in World War Essay

Why has the strategic bombing offensive against Germany in World War Two often been viewed as morally indefensible - Essay Example he British bombing of Dresden, a city not much smaller than Manchester, towards the end of the war is widely acclaimed as a war crime because this cultural capital of Germany was filled with refugees trying to escape Allied bombing and was of no military value. This and the indiscriminant bombings of other German cities are largely viewed by historians as retaliation for the London bombings by the Germans. Were the bombing campaigns an act strictly motivated by revenge and should therefore be regarded as morally reprehensible or were they the result of a necessary and successful strategy that may have gone a little too far? This question is the focus of the following discussion which attempts to explain why these bombings of civilian targets are generally regarded as an indefensible, shameful act perpetrated by the Allies. The Allies, particularly the British, have been likely rightfully vilified for decimating German towns and civilian populations near the end of the war essentially in retaliation for the Luftwaffe bombing raids over London. This strategic bombing campaign took the lives of an estimated 600,000 German civilians. However, the reality of the situation must be kept in proper context. Germany started the war, killed approximately 12 million civilians including six million in concentration camps and would have taken a greater toll if they had beaten the Allied forces. The German’s and British certainly were not the only nations that committed wartime atrocities. Many hundreds of thousands of German prisoners who were taken by the Americans died in prison camps. Witnesses told of gaunt bodies wearing clothing smeared with diarrhea huddled in muddy holes with no shelter and perhaps a rotten potato to eat. Many had to eat grass and drink urine to survive. According to the American Red Cross, at least 98 percent of American prisoners in German prison camps survived but the West German government stated that more than one million German

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 28

Assignment - Essay Example There are also people, who have faith in this third generation mode of transaction. Despite the rapidly increasing Bitcoin’s exchange rate against fiat currencies, there has been a lot debate that whether Bitcoin has a value or not. An article published last year in April on Business Insider argued over the intrinsic value of Bitcoin. Joe, the author of that article, referred to various voices that in some way either supported the idea or went against it. Some of the questions that were raised and answered in this article were pretty obvious one. The first assertion that has been made by the proponents of Bitcoin is that its value will continue to rise, there will be no deflation, and since there is only a certain limit to which Bitcoins will be produced i.e. twenty one million. Joe argues that Bitcoins are not collectable items that are to be stored and hope that their value will rise due to scarcity in production, because it is not compulsory that anything which has a limited production will eventually gain some value. Moreover, since it is a virtual concept, it can be cloned easily and replaced. He further explains the concept of fiat currency in comparison to Bitcoin, and he has tried to prove that why it i s necessary for a currency to have backing from strong authorities, and the volatility of currencies that are not being authorized by governments. Authorities not only maintain regular check and balance while fortifying currency, but they also provide a specific degree of insurance security in certain cases. Another factor that will prevent Bitcoin from attaining a slot as an alternate to fiat currency is that there are only few people who are ready to trade virtually. Therefore, Joe believes that there is no reason to consider Bitcoin as Gold 2.0. Jay Yarow (n.p.), probably Joe’s colleague at Business Insider, wrote earlier this year an article about Bitcoin and one of its ardent proponents. In his article he referred

Classroom Observation coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Classroom Observation - Coursework Example He facilitates his reading through the use of charts and graphs that he draws in front of the students with pencil and geometrical tools. He also makes the students go through the exercises given at the end of each chapter. One reading strategy that he should adopt is that he should teach algebraic functions by solving them on the white board and then calling a student from the class to come at the front desk to tell what he has grasped from the solution of the problem. This will make other students ask questions from their classmate which they might hesitate asking from the teacher. Science The science teacher’s lesson plan includes the objectives of the lesson, the materials and technologies used to make the students understand the topic, an anticipatory set, instructional procedure, activities, assessment and homework. The materials that he uses to clarify the topic are textbooks, handouts, visual aid, PowerPoint presentations, pictures, postcards and flashcards. The antici patory set includes encouraging the students to actively participate in the discussion by sharing experiences with them, refreshing their memories and showing them graphics and video clips related to the topic so as to develop their interest. The instructional procedure that he uses includes listing of keywords on handouts and telling the class interesting facts. He conducts individual and group activities and group presentations to help students learn facts through practical work, observation and experimentation. He also makes use of technological tools like multimedia transcripts to equip the students with scientific information through the most modern technology. After reading the lesson, he holds a concluding session to summarize all important points of the discussion. Finally, he gives the students homework to carry out research on their own. One thing that he should do is to assess the students through daily assignments, test papers and quizzes to know if they have learned the ir lessons well. Social Studies The social studies teacher makes use of graphical charts and maps as the most important reading strategy. This way, he helps the students understand the demographic locations of different places in a better way. He reads chapters to the students and then explains them through the use of notes that he prepares before coming to the class. He makes the students learn important dates by making them revise the lesson in the class two or three times. He draws maps on the white board and explains locations. The activities that he uses include distributing worksheets among the students and making groups of them for discussion purposes. He makes the classroom convert into the times which he is teaching, for example, he tells the students to create a fantasy colonial marketplace in the classroom when he is teaching colonial times. This way, he brings the subject to life. Music/Art The music and art teacher conducts special activities that tend to polish the ski lls of students in the field of art. The arts teacher strongly recommends the application of locomotor and non-locomotor skills while teaching dance. In order to teach music, he instructs the students to do exercises that enhance their breath control. He strictly follows the follow the seven-part plan of questions that can produce miraculous results, if applied while teaching arts. W stands for what are the students expected to comprehend, H for how to hold students’

Correlation of how many student took the LSATs and how many students Essay

Correlation of how many student took the LSATs and how many students actually got accepted into law school - Essay Example In essence, Law Schools will try to place higher LSAT requirements for students so that they are protrayed as having higher standards and so that they compete effectively. LSAC implemented the requirement to ensure uniformity in the criteria that member schools used to admit students to their law programs. However, the validity of LSAT has come under controversy considering that there is a possibility that students who might be proficient could be left out by LSAT requirement. A study conducted by Domino & Domino established that 54% of those students who passed the LSAT actually proved that the test was valid. The study was conducted on first year students using their average scores in various Law Schools and involved 726 students (12). However, Domino & Domino also explain that the values were very different across schools. Controversies have also recently arisen over cheating where some students hire other people to take the tests for them. The general realization from these findings is that there are other factors that influence the LSAT other than the standardization requirement by the schools. For instance, Law Schools might make the tests extremely difficult so that they appear as having high quality students and therefore influence the admission of their graduates to the mainstream practising of the Law. The essence of tests is not to lock out candidates but to ensure that only those candidates with the correct qualifications are admitted. The following paper seeks to establish the nature of correlation between the number of students who take LSAT and the ones who actually get admitted in Law schools so as to determine whether most students who take the exams fail or pass. According to Burdette, â€Å"LSAT is usually administered by the Law School Admissions Council a non-profit organization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (4) and the general realization is that Law Schools realized that they needed

Costing Principles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Costing Principles - Essay Example A cost purpose is an action or product for that the total or unit cost is to be computed. A cost objective may be the product manufactured or the service delivered, or it may be a department, a course, or a function, all of that are referred to as cost centers. The cost axis is the least unit for that costs are mounted up for reporting and analytical functions. Organisations whose products or batches of products are treated as individual jobs use job-order costing systems. Airplane producers and parts suppliers for large manufacturing Organisations, such as tool and die shops, are examples of the users of this system. Organisations use process-costing systems with homogeneous products such as crude oil, chemicals, and grains. Both job-order and process costing systems function to build up unit costs of production, but since of the inherent disparities in the physical characteristics of the products the two methods vary. Standard costing systems absorb standard direct materials, standard direct labor and standard company overhead into production costs. Standard costs are estimated costs that may have a close relationship with budgeted costs. Standard costing systems are widely used by manufacturing organisations. (Shank, 1993, 32-33) The official statement of generally accepted accounting principles, demands that the assessment of inventories by manufacturing firms for external reporting include the full cost, that is, direct materials, direct labor and total company overhead. This system of product costing is called absorption costing or full-absorption costing. (Antos, 1998, 13-14) GAAP also requires that for external reporting actual costs should be used except where the estimated costs are not materially different from actual costs. Direct Costing Direct costing differs from full-absorption costing only in regard to one category of costs, fixed company overhead. Direct costing includes direct materials, direct labor, and variable overhead in the product costs. Fixed company overhead is charged directly to the accounting period. Ending inventory, therefore, never includes any fixed overhead. This system of costing has not been approved for external reporting purposes by GAAP, but may be used for internal purposes. Activity-Based Costing A management tool named activity - based costing (ABC) has turn out to be one of the more extensively clinch of new management styles over the period of the last ten years. Though its nucleus lies in cost accounting, ABC has engrossed the consideration of business managers in general, and has been the focus of researches in the Harvard Business Review and Fortune. Not simply is it a foremost subject matter in business, it has been accepted in parts of government like USA, such as the Department of Defense and the IRS. What commenced as effectively an

Persuasive research paper-- quit smoking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Persuasive research paper-- quit smoking - Essay Example dangerous smoking really is, the other day I saw a video of a man who was coughing incessantly and I saw him bleed and this really scared me to an unprecedented extent. I am completely motivated and geared up to stop smoking, I remember I smoked for the very first time when I was young and I knew nothing about the damage which smoking could cause, I got to know about the damage only later on and I have been trying hard to quit but the temptation always lingers on and it is quite hard to stop it but this time around I am going to do it and I have already been quite successful. I do not even remember the last time that I smoked and this I think is really a big achievement for me and I am going to carry on and completely stop it because I have realized that it is really dangerous and can cause lung cancer, I have already seen enough pain and suffering in those videos. Those videos have been really useful and have motivated me to quit. Chewing gum has also helped me a ton, whenever I feel the urge to smoke I start chewing and this has been of great help to me, the urge to smoke goes away as soon as I pop it into my mouth and the urge to smoke instantly goes away. â€Å"Nicotine replacement therapies work by giving you a small amount of nicotine, but without the dangerous effects of inhaling tobacco smoke. This helps relieve the withdrawal symptoms and cravings for a cigarette that you get when you stop smoking, and allows you to get on with breaking the psychological habit of smoking. If you are physically addicted to nicotine, using NRT has been shown to almost double your chances of successfully quitting smoking.† (Nicorette Gum) This idea was first suggested to me by a good friend and I tried it and it works like a charm for me, the first time I tried it and I was very happy with the results and I knew this was going to save me, I have bought several gums to help me quit. These are a couple of ideas that have really helped me, discipline in life is really

Correlation of how many student took the LSATs and how many students Essay

Correlation of how many student took the LSATs and how many students actually got accepted into law school - Essay Example In essence, Law Schools will try to place higher LSAT requirements for students so that they are protrayed as having higher standards and so that they compete effectively. LSAC implemented the requirement to ensure uniformity in the criteria that member schools used to admit students to their law programs. However, the validity of LSAT has come under controversy considering that there is a possibility that students who might be proficient could be left out by LSAT requirement. A study conducted by Domino & Domino established that 54% of those students who passed the LSAT actually proved that the test was valid. The study was conducted on first year students using their average scores in various Law Schools and involved 726 students (12). However, Domino & Domino also explain that the values were very different across schools. Controversies have also recently arisen over cheating where some students hire other people to take the tests for them. The general realization from these findings is that there are other factors that influence the LSAT other than the standardization requirement by the schools. For instance, Law Schools might make the tests extremely difficult so that they appear as having high quality students and therefore influence the admission of their graduates to the mainstream practising of the Law. The essence of tests is not to lock out candidates but to ensure that only those candidates with the correct qualifications are admitted. The following paper seeks to establish the nature of correlation between the number of students who take LSAT and the ones who actually get admitted in Law schools so as to determine whether most students who take the exams fail or pass. According to Burdette, â€Å"LSAT is usually administered by the Law School Admissions Council a non-profit organization†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (4) and the general realization is that Law Schools realized that they needed

Persuasive research paper-- quit smoking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Persuasive research paper-- quit smoking - Essay Example dangerous smoking really is, the other day I saw a video of a man who was coughing incessantly and I saw him bleed and this really scared me to an unprecedented extent. I am completely motivated and geared up to stop smoking, I remember I smoked for the very first time when I was young and I knew nothing about the damage which smoking could cause, I got to know about the damage only later on and I have been trying hard to quit but the temptation always lingers on and it is quite hard to stop it but this time around I am going to do it and I have already been quite successful. I do not even remember the last time that I smoked and this I think is really a big achievement for me and I am going to carry on and completely stop it because I have realized that it is really dangerous and can cause lung cancer, I have already seen enough pain and suffering in those videos. Those videos have been really useful and have motivated me to quit. Chewing gum has also helped me a ton, whenever I feel the urge to smoke I start chewing and this has been of great help to me, the urge to smoke goes away as soon as I pop it into my mouth and the urge to smoke instantly goes away. â€Å"Nicotine replacement therapies work by giving you a small amount of nicotine, but without the dangerous effects of inhaling tobacco smoke. This helps relieve the withdrawal symptoms and cravings for a cigarette that you get when you stop smoking, and allows you to get on with breaking the psychological habit of smoking. If you are physically addicted to nicotine, using NRT has been shown to almost double your chances of successfully quitting smoking.† (Nicorette Gum) This idea was first suggested to me by a good friend and I tried it and it works like a charm for me, the first time I tried it and I was very happy with the results and I knew this was going to save me, I have bought several gums to help me quit. These are a couple of ideas that have really helped me, discipline in life is really

The Definition of Agriculture Essay Example for Free

The Definition of Agriculture Essay Agriculture is the production of food and goods through farming and forestry . Agriculture was the key development that led to the rise of human civilization, with the husbandry of domesticated animals and plants creating food surpluses that enabled the development of more densely populated and stratified societies. The study of agriculture is known as agricultural science. Agriculture encompasses a wide variety of specialties and techniques, including ways to expand the lands suitable for plant raising, by digging water-channels and other forms of irrigation. Cultivation of crops on arable land and the pastoral herding of livestock on range land remain at the foundation of agriculture. In the past century there has been increasing concern to identify and quantify various forms of agriculture. In the developed world the range usually extends between sustainable agriculture (e. g. permaculture or organic agriculture) and intensive farming (e. g. industrial agriculture). Modern agronomy, plant breeding, pesticides and fertilizers, and technological improvements have sharply increased yields from cultivation, and at the same time have caused widespread ecological damage and negative human health effects. Selective breeding and modern practices in animal husbandry such as intensive pig farming (and similar practices applied to the chicken)have similarly increased the output of meat, but have raised concerns about animal cruelty and the health effects of the antibiotics, growth hormones, and other chemicals commonly used in industrial meat production. The major agricultural products can be broadly grouped into foods, fibers, fuels, and raw materials. In the 2000s, plants have been used to grow biofuels, biopharmaceuticals, bioplastics, and pharmaceuticals. Specific foods include cereals, vegetables, fruits, and meat. Fibers include cotton, wool, hemp, silk and flax. Raw materials include lumber and bamboo. Other useful materials are produced by plants, such as resins. Biofuels include methane from biomass, ethanol, and biodiesel. Cut flowers, nursery plants, tropical fish and birds for the pet trade are some of the ornamental products. In 2007, about one third of the worlds workers were employed in agriculture. The services sector has overtaken agriculture as the economic sector employing the most people worldwide. Despite the size of its workforce, agricultural production accounts for less than five percent of the gross world product (an aggregate of all gross domestic products).

Policies and Strategies for Market Failure

Policies and Strategies for Market Failure 1.0 Introduction Market failure refers to a situation whereby a freely-functioning market fails to allocate resources efficiently or optimally resulting in undesirable outcomes. Main examples of market failures include market power, externalities, unequal distribution of economic prosperity and inadequate public goods. Market power occurs when economic actors are able to exert considerable influence on market prices or the quantity of goods sold causing concentration of power and imperfect competition. Externalities are the uncompensated impact caused when the market disregard external costs of an economic activity on the well-being of a bystander. Externalities diverge social costs of benefit from the private optimum, leading to market failure as well. Unequal distribution of economic prosperity occurs as people are rewarded according to their ability in generating high income by producing things others are willing to pay off. Markets fail as significant differences in income and wealth leads to a wide gap in living standards between different groups in the economy. Market also fails when there are inadequate public goods which are not provided by the market mainly because of the free rider issue[1]. Hence public policies are required to correct market failure and increase the efficiency and productivity of the market. This ensures that the market is able to achieve the highest total social welfare, thus allowing a greater distribution of income and wealth and higher standard of living. 2.0 Public Policies Public policies are basically described as attempts taken by the government as an approach towards public issues and are commonly incorporated in legislations, regulations, decisions and actions (Venus 2010). Examples of public policies that can be taken to remedy market failure are legislations and regulations, implementation of taxes, subsidies and price controls. 2.1 Legislations and Regulations Legislation is a law which has been enacted by a governing body whereas regulation is a rule or restriction promulgated to control activities of businesses and consumers. There are two forms of regulations, namely industry regulation which prevents firms from gaining and exploiting excessive market control; and social regulation which protects consumers from social costs like externalities, socially undesirable goods and asymmetric information. Examples include price regulations or orders prohibiting collusive practices and monopolistic behaviours which help reduce concentration of market power. Legislations regarding the protection of the environment can also be enforced to reduce externalities like pollution. Legislations and regulation are also an example of command-and-control policies which are specifically targeted at reducing externalities. Command-and-control policies correct externalities by regulating behaviours directly, making them either required or forbidden. This is usually carried out by respective environmental agencies or commissions of a country, for instance the Environmental Protection Agency in United States which restrict levels of pollution and emissions emitted by factories and industries. 2.2 Taxes Taxes are a financial charge or levy imposed upon an individual or entity. Taxes can be used to regulate the market, redistribute income and reduce externalities through the manipulation of the demand and supply curves in the market. Even so, the tax imposed must be equal to the external cost or benefit to achieve the optimal quantity of output. A form of tax is environment levy which is imposed on firms to make them pay for the negative externalities they created. Taxes can also be imposed on undesirable goods to increase their price and reduce the quantity demanded or even used to compel people to pay for public goods to overcome the free rider issue. Similarly, taxes imposed in accordance with income earned helps reduce the market failure of income differentials. At the same time, taxes also helps increase governments revenue which can be spent on alternatives such as direct provision of public goods and services to compensate for the lack of collective goods. Tax is also part of market-based policies, developed specifically to reduce externalities. Market-based policies internalize externalities by providing incentives so that private decision makers will solve the externalities themselves. An example corrective taxes used to persuade private firms to take account of social costs that arise from negative externalities. Effect of tax on the market can be seen in Diag. 1. Tax imposed on a product would increase its price, effecting both consumers and producers. As production cost increases, the supply curve will shift to the left from S to S1 as producers would decrease the products supply. Since the price of the good is now more expensive, the quantity demanded by consumers would also decrease as seen in the change from Q2 to Q1. However, should the demand of the good be inelastic, taxes would fail to create any significant reduction in the demand of the good as shown in the diagram. For example, cigarettes. 2.3 Subsidies Subsidies, also known as negative tax, are financial assistance provided to businesses or economic sectors. Subsidies are used to assist small and potential firms by reducing their production cost so that they are able to compete against larger firms. They can also come in forms of loans or research and development grants to assist firms in their research to produce products of better quality. This reduces the barriers to entry and simultaneously increases competition among firms in the market besides effectively solving under consumption of resources, a positive externality. Furthermore, subsidies can increase socially desirable goods and assist in the redistribution of income. Even so, the subsidy imposed must be equal to the external cost or benefit to achieve the optimal quantity of output. Effect of subsidies on the market can be seen in Diag. 2. Subsidies imposed on a product would reduce its price, effecting both the consumer and producer. Production cost decrease as producers receive assistance and the supply curve will shift to the right from S to S1 as producers would increase supply. Since the price of the good has now reduced, the quantity demanded by consumers would also decrease as seen in the change from Q to Q1. 2.4 Price Controls Price control is a form of public policy where the government uses its law-making power to regulate prices of goods or services. The government may attempt to fix and enforce exact prices of a particular good or service sold or set a ceiling price or floor price (Johnson 2005). Government will then be able to assist consumers and producers with the impact it has on consumer demand and production of the good or service. Price ceiling is the legal maximum price which a good can be sold at but not any lower than that. An example would be rent control to help poor consumers which cannot afford housing. Price ceiling only takes effect when it is imposed below the equilibrium price as shown in Graph A as producers are forced to meet the maximum price set. However, this may result in shortages (Graph A) as the lower price will increase demand for the product. Price floor is the legal minimum price that can be charged but transactions at higher prices are prohibited. An example is the minimum wage laws which increases workers standard of living. Price floor only takes effect when it is imposed above the equilibrium price as shown in Graph B as suppliers have to raise their prices to meet the governments minimum price. However, a surplus may occur (Graph B) as the higher price will decrease consumers demand. 3.0 Conclusion As a conclusion, it can be seen that markets require public policies and government intervention in order to function effectively and achieve the objectives of producers, especially small and potential firms; and consumers. Market failure can be redressed through enforcement of legislations and regulations, taxes and subsidies and price control which are able to increase competitiveness, redistribute income and reduce externalities and socially undesirable goods. Although the implementation of these policies are useful in reducing negative impacts on the economy and basically have positive implications, there are also drawbacks. For instance, legislations and regulations are difficult and expensive to enforce whereas subsidies requires a government to first have sufficient financial means which prevents all countries from carrying them out efficiently. Price control also results in surplus and shortages of products they are imposed on in the long run which will also lead to inefficie nt allocation of resources. Hence, governments should always analyze the economy carefully and critically and carry out policies accordingly to prevent any further deteriorating of the economy. 4.0 References Books: Mankiw, N. G. 2008, Essentials of Economics, 5th Edn, South West Cengage Learning, United States Webster, N. 2005, Economics, 2nd Edn, Greg Eather, Adelaide Websites: Johnson, P. M. 2005, Price Controls: A Glossary of Political Economy Terms, retrieved 16 March 2010, The Smartacus Corportion 2009, Government Intervention: Price Ceiling, retrieved 17 March 2010, The Smartacus Corportion 2009, Government Intervention: Price Floor, retrieved 17 March 2010, Venus, D. 2010, What is Public Policy, retrieved 16 March 2010, Watkins, T. n.d., Impact of an Excise Tax on Subsidy on Price, retrieved 17 March 2010,

Body Image Portrayed by the Media Essay -- essays research papers

Through the use of imagery, the display of life-styles, and the reinforcement of values, advertisements are communicators of culturally defined concepts such as success, worth, love, sexuality, popularity, and normalcy. Of particular concern over the past two decades has been excessive use of sexual stereotypes, especially of women. Women are directly affected by this advertising, beyond the mere desire to purchase the product or service described. The influence of the media on people is tremendous, and the effect of advertisements that direct images of beauty, and the perfect slim figure have a harmful effect on a great deal of the world's population, especially women. The media has portrayed the â€Å"perfect body image† so successfully, that women’s self-image, self-esteem and even their health is affected. Looking at the media, it’s almost impossible to ignore the many images of thin, beautiful women. In many women’s magazines, nearly every other page is covered with an advertisement that displays a person with the â€Å"ideal body†, a slim figure, a happy face, and trendy or chic clothes. Most of the advertisements in magazines try to present models as realistic representations for consumers, particularly women, to compare themselves. Not only do magazines try to portray the â€Å"perfect image,† but also television advertisements try to achieve this representation of the perfect body. Television broadcasts events and shows like â€Å"Miss America,† and â€Å"Baywatch† that represent unrealistic body types for ordinary women. To accomplish the goal of looking like the models being displayed all over the media, women think they need to diet. If it was dieting just for the fact of making women feel better, it would be all right, but the purpose of most people is different. When women compare themselves to models and pictures of people in advertisements, they believe the only way they will get noticed i s if they also appear the in the same image of the models. To achieve this goal, they begin to starve themselves. They start to believe that by eating anything at all they will get fat and the most important thing to them is not to be fat. It becomes a compulsion to become thin and some women will do anything to get there. Women need to realize that what the media displays as the â€Å"perfect body† and what really is the healthy body are two different things. Even if a woman does get d... ...haracters in the show are the â€Å"fat ugly guy and fat ugly lady† who live across the street and are objects of constant ridicule. The same can be said for virtually all mainstream shows on television. It is a continual barrage of beautiful people that are exposed to viewers. Unfortunately, it is becoming accepted that society should indeed look like television actors. There is essentially no one in this medium saying that it is okay to be oneself, to look how women want to look and feel good at the same time. What society must do is tell the beauty industry, tell the magazines, and tell Hollywood that what they are doing is not acceptable. The image they portray is unrealistic, unhealthy, and irresponsible. However, it is unlikely that the beauty industry will loosen its grip on the minds of women and try so hard to make them think they are ugly. That would of course hurt sales and cause them to make only millions instead of billions of dollars. It is also improbable th at Hollywood will break perhaps its only rule, because that too would disrupt the bottom line. So, for the time being anyway, we are a society being told how to look, and trying to live up to an impossible standard.

Cover Bands :: essays research papers

Is the cover a good thing or a bad thing? Are there any cover songs that you have heard and have grown to like more than the original? Perhaps there are songs that you have heard and have later come to the realization that it is indeed a cover song. This is the case for me. However, my feelings on cover songs vary depending on the particular instance. I think the cover is a good thing now days. There are many new songs that I have heard and have later realized that it is a cover song. I probably would have never heard the original song if it wasn’t covered. On the other hand, in the 50s when rock and roll was building a foundation for itself, I believe that cover songs were a bad thing.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  First, I would like to explain why I believe that cover songs are now a good thing. â€Å"Behind Blue Eyes† covered by Limp Bizkit is a song that I would have never heard had it not been covered. The Who originally recorded this song in 1971. Limp Bizkit is an alternative band that many younger people have great interest in. Many people my age are not as interested in what is now called â€Å"Classic Rock† as they are in alternative music. Therefore, this song would have never been heard if it wasn’t for Limp Bizkit. Another good example of a song that has been covered is â€Å"Simple Man† by Shinedown. This song was originally recorded by Lynyrd Skynyrd in 1973. This is another example of a song that younger generations would not have heard if it wasn’t covered by Shinedown. However, a person may ask â€Å"Is it fair for the original artist if one of their songs is covered?† I believe the answer to this question is yes. M any artists that have covered songs have also had their songs covered. This causes a never-ending loop of music that seeks different genres of music and also people of different ages.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  On the other hand, I believe that cover songs in the 50s were a bad thing. These songs were covered for different purposes than they are today. Race was the primary issue as to why many songs were covered. Perhaps the key song for rock and roll that has been covered is â€Å"Rock Around the Clock† originally recorded by Sonny Dae and His Knights in 1954.